#3 How to use Bread board and How to calculate Resistor value for led (Full tutorial)

The Arduino can be used to connect and interact with different types of sensors and actuators.  Prototyping can be easily done by using a breadboard.The video below explains in detail how to use a breadboard and how to calculate series resistance for a led.

As explained in the video, the easiest way to start using the breadboard is to understand how the little holes on the breadboard are connected. The below diagram will help you understand which holes are connected in which way.

Observe this image, and make sure you understand how the breadboard works. You can see that to connect two leads, they should be inserted into the same column on the breadboard. If you carefully follow the video, you should be able to get your first circuit connected and working.

Resistance Calculation:

where:

• VSource is the source voltage, measured in volts (V),

• VLED (Vf) is the voltage drop across the LED, measured in volts (V),

• ILED is the current through the LED*, measured in Amperes (Amps/A), and

• R is the resistance, measured in Ohms (Ω).

     Vled valued for different leds: